Technological advances never seem to stop coming. The way they reach into almost every part of our lives makes this inescapable, and offers huge opportunity. If you are interested in computer science, that is especially true. This rapidly developing field continually brings forward new types of work and new areas of study. Want to know more about it? We explore the subject, its career prospects, and what it's like to study computer science.
What is computer science?
Computer science is a broad field that covers everything from the theoretical basis of computers to the physical components that make them function and the experience of the people who use them. It relies upon and explores the use of algorithms, information theory and logic as ways to make machines work.
As a computer scientist, you could therefore be doing a lot of different things. You might learn about data structure, and the way it comes together in systems. You will likely get to grips with programming languages like JavaScript, HTML and Python, and use them as the basis of all kinds of projects. You may even apply all of your learning to the area of artificial intelligence, where many experts and organisations are placing their attention.
Take a look at some of the top universities offering computer science in the UK:
What is information technology?
A frequent point of confusion for prospective students is the difference between computer science and IT. Often, you may see the two used in conjunction with one another, or offered as a joint qualification. While there is an overlap between the areas, they are actually two distinct disciplines.
IT primarily focuses on how to use computer and information systems optimally. This extends to the implementation and management of such systems in various contexts. It is integral to business and government, and generally very important for any organisation that requires software and computer networks.
Professionals in IT focus their attention on ensuring that the necessary technology works for the people who use it. They aim to ensure that information and communication always comes easily.
For more on the subject, read our guide to studying information technology.
What are the entry requirements for a computer science degree?
Depending on your destination, university and study level, different entry requirements will apply. However, at undergraduate level, there is one common prerequisite: an A-level, high school qualification or equivalent in mathematics. The higher the overall requirements, the higher your grade will need to be. Nonetheless, if you do not have a maths certificate, don't worry. Some universities do not make it compulsory.
If you’re thinking about studying in the USA, you may also need to take the SAT exam. Not all universities require this, but for those which do, you will often need an overall score of more than 1,100, with at least 550 for the maths component. However, these numbers can be higher or lower, depending on where you apply.
You will also need to show that you meet certain English language requirements. This can be done by taking one of many standardised tests and submitting your results. Universities do differ on which English tests and scores they accept, so you should check with them individually before applying.
IELTS and TOEFL are the most widely accepted tests, but others such as Duolingo and PTE may also be admissible. Most often, you will need to achieve an IELTS score of around 6.0 to 6.5 with no band score lower than 6.0 (or similar on another test).
If you don’t meet the language requirements for entry, be aware that many institutions run pre-sessional English courses, as well as pathway courses. These equip you with the knowledge, skills and ability needed to gain entry to an undergraduate degree. Postgraduate students have a similar option in the form of pre-master’s courses.
Check out some of the top universities in Canada and Australia for computer science:
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Carleton University (Canada)
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University of Alberta (Canada)
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University of Queensland (Australia)
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University of Sydney (Australia)
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RMIT University (Australia)
How long does a computer science degree take?
The length of time it will take to complete your degree depends on its level and where you study for it. At most universities and in most countries, undergraduate courses take either three or four years. For example, a BSc computer science degree in Australia will usually take three years, while one in the USA will take four years. In some cases, your course may include a placement year, which could be in addition to its usual length.
If you wish to study computer science at master’s level, your course will be shorter. A master’s degree in the subject can take between one and two years, when completed on a full-time basis. For a doctorate, you will usually need to study for around four to five years.
What will I study on a computer science degree?
The curriculum of a computer science degree varies between institutions, but you can expect to study some core elements wherever you go. In your first year, you’ll cover areas such as:
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Computer science foundations
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Operating systems
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Programming languages
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Mathematics for computer science
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Algorithms
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Software engineering
As you move to your second year, the focus shifts to subjects such as:
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Network architecture
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System architecture
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Applied programming
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User and interaction design
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Artificial intelligence
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Computational theory
In your third and sometimes final year, you’ll take on a range of topics that are often more specialised. These include:
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Virtual reality
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Ethics of computing
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Multivariate analysis
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Bioinformatics
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Natural language processing
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Advanced algorithms
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Software engineering
If you’ve enrolled on a four-year degree, your final year of study may be dedicated to a specific area or topic on which you must produce a research paper or extended project. Sometimes, you will be required to work and conduct research in an industry setting.
If you move onto a master’s degree or PhD, you may engage in a combination of research, coursework and practical work. Your studies can cover a wide variety of computer science-related areas of enquiry.
What jobs can you get with a computer science degree?
Studying computer science gives you access to an array of career options, some of which may surprise you. With the technical expertise and analytical thinking of computer science graduates in high demand, you could find yourself working as a:
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Data analyst
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App developer
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Software developer
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Web designer
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Cybersecurity analyst
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Information security analyst
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Systems analyst
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Network architect
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Artificial intelligence engineer
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Teacher
Your skills may also be applicable in a variety of sectors, including:
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Manufacturing
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Public sector
Statistics show that the majority of computer science graduates progress to professional work after finishing their studies. Moreover, they obtain above average salaries.
Still want to know more about what studying computer science is like? See how it's done at the best universities for computer science. Then, take our detailed advice on what you can do with a computer science degree. Alternatively, you can start searching for yours today with our course search tool.
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